Metformin is a medication that is used to treat type 2 diabetes. It is also used to help prevent type 2 diabetes if you are at high risk of developing it. Metformin is a biguanide drug, which means that it works by lowering the amount of glucose (sugar) in your blood.

Metformin is usually taken by mouth with meals. It is available in tablet, extended-release tablet, and liquid form. The dosage of metformin varies depending on your individual needs. Your doctor will start you on a low dose and gradually increase it until you reach the dose that is right for you.

Metformin is generally safe and well-tolerated. However, some people may experience side effects such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. These side effects are usually mild and go away on their own. If you experience any side effects that are bothersome or do not go away, talk to your doctor.

Metformin is not recommended for people with certain medical conditions, such as kidney disease, liver disease, or heart failure. It is also not recommended for women who are pregnant or breastfeeding.

Metformin is a safe and effective medication that can help to control blood sugar levels and prevent complications of diabetes. If you have been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, talk to your doctor about whether metformin is right for you.

Medical Uses of Metformin

Metformin is used to treat type 2 diabetes. It is also used to help prevent type 2 diabetes if you are at high risk of developing it. Metformin is a biguanide drug, which means that it works by lowering the amount of glucose (sugar) in your blood.

**Type 2 Diabetes**

Metformin is the first-line medication for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. It is effective in lowering blood sugar levels and preventing complications of diabetes, such as heart disease, stroke, blindness, and kidney disease. Metformin can be used alone or in combination with other diabetes medications.

**Gestational Diabetes**

Metformin is also used to treat gestational diabetes. Gestational diabetes is a type of diabetes that can develop during pregnancy. Metformin can help to control blood sugar levels and prevent complications of gestational diabetes for both the mother and the baby.

**Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)**

Metformin is also sometimes used to treat polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). PCOS is a hormonal disorder that can cause infertility, irregular periods, and acne. Metformin can help to regulate hormones and improve ovulation in women with PCOS.

**Other Potential Uses**

Metformin is also being studied for other potential uses, such as cancer prevention and treatment, and weight loss. More research is needed to determine the effectiveness of metformin for these uses.

## Side Effects of Metformin

Metformin is generally safe and well-tolerated. However, some people may experience side effects such as:

* Nausea
* Vomiting
* Diarrhea
* Abdominal pain
* Weight loss
* Metallic taste in the mouth
* Blurred vision
* Headache
* Fatigue

These side effects are usually mild and go away on their own. If you experience any side effects that are bothersome or do not go away, talk to your doctor.

## Contraindications

Metformin is not recommended for people with certain medical conditions, such as:

* Kidney disease
* Liver disease
* Heart failure
* Pregnancy
* Breastfeeding

If you have any of these conditions, talk to your doctor before taking metformin

## Drug Interactions

Metformin can interact with other medications, such as:

* Alcohol
* Diuretics
* Steroids
* Certain antibiotics
* Certain anticonvulsants
* Certain antifungals
* Certain HIV medications

If you are taking any of these medications, talk to your doctor before taking metformin.

## Overdose

An overdose of metformin can cause lactic acidosis, which is a serious condition that can be fatal. Symptoms of lactic acidosis include:

* Nausea
* Vomiting
* Diarrhea
* Abdominal pain
* Muscle pain
* Shortness of breath
* Rapid breathing
* Confusion
* Seizures

If you think you have overdosed on metformin, go to the nearest emergency room immediately.

## Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Metformin is not recommended for use during pregnancy or breastfeeding. If you are pregnant or breastfeeding, talk to your doctor before taking metformin.